Overview
Correcting errors in your COMELEC voter registration record, such as an incorrect birthdate, is typically handled through a petition for correction of entries. This process is governed by Republic Act No. 8189 (Voter's Registration Act of 1996) and relevant COMELEC resolutions. It applies to clerical or typographical errors (e.g., encoding mistakes) and requires proof that the error is not due to intentional falsification, which could lead to legal penalties. The correction is done at your local COMELEC Office of the Election Officer (OEO). Note that substantial changes might require prior correction of civil registry documents under RA 9048 or RA 10172 before approaching COMELEC. For birthdate corrections, focus on providing documentary evidence like a PSA-issued birth certificate.
The process can take 30-60 days or longer during election periods, and personal appearance is usually mandatory to prevent fraud. Filing is allowed year-round except during the 120-day "closed" period before elections.
Requirements
Gather these documents before filing. Originals must be presented for verification, along with photocopies.
| Document | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| CEF-1 Form (Revised) | Official COMELEC application form for correction of entries. Download from COMELEC website or get from OEO. Fill in present (incorrect) data and new (corrected) data sections. | Check the "Application for Change of Name Due to Marriage or Court Order/Correction of Entries" box. Include full name, current registration details (precinct, barangay, etc.), and date of birth. |
| PSA-Issued Birth Certificate | Original and photocopies (at least 2). This is the primary proof of correct birthdate. | If born abroad, use Report of Birth. A certified true copy from the Local Civil Registry may suffice if PSA is unavailable. |
| Government-Issued ID | Valid ID showing the correct birthdate (e.g., Philippine National ID/PhilSys, passport, driver's license). Original and photocopies. | At least one ID; more strengthen your case. |
| Affidavit of Discrepancy (Optional but Recommended) | Notarized affidavit explaining the error (e.g., typographical mistake during registration). | Required if the error is significant (e.g., wrong year like 1975 vs. 1995). |
| Proof of Existing Voter Record | Voter's certification, stub, or old Voter's ID (if available). | Helps verify your current record. |
| Authorization (If Applicable) | Special Power of Attorney and representative's ID if you can't appear personally (e.g., due to disability). | Voter must still appear for biometrics or hearing if possible. |
| Fee Receipt | Payment for filing fee (if applicable). | See Fees section below. Indigents/PWDs may be exempt with Barangay Certification. |
For overseas voters, file at the nearest Philippine embassy/consulate or DFA-OVS in Manila, with similar requirements.
Step-by-Step Process
Prepare Documents and Form: Accomplish the CEF-1 form legibly. Attach supporting documents. Take an oath on the form before a notary or the Election Officer.
File the Petition at OEO: Visit the COMELEC OEO in the city/municipality where you are registered. Submit the form and documents. The Election Officer verifies completeness, collects any fee, and issues a receiving copy with a reference number. Personal appearance is required for oath-taking and biometrics (fingerprints, photo, signature) if outdated.
Posting Period (1 Week): The OEO posts your petition on the bulletin board for public notice. Anyone can file a written opposition during this time.
ERB Hearing: Attend a summary hearing before the Election Registration Board (ERB), usually within 1-2 weeks after posting (e.g., first Monday of the month). Present originals for inspection. The ERB decides by majority vote; you'll be notified of approval or denial.
Database Update: If approved, the OEO transmits the resolution to COMELEC's central database for amendment (within 5-7 days). The update syncs in 10-15 days.
Obtain Updated Certification: Request a new Voter's Certification reflecting the correction (₱75 fee). Note: COMELEC no longer issues laminated Voter's IDs routinely; certifications serve as proof.
If denied, appeal to the Regional Trial Court within 10 days, then potentially to COMELEC en banc.
Fees
- Filing Fee: ₱100 (or ₱300 if filed outside regular registration periods). Often free for simple corrections.
- Voter's Certification: ₱75.
- Exemptions: Indigents, PWDs, or when needed for government transactions (submit proof like Barangay Certification).
- Other Costs: Notarization (if affidavit needed), photocopying, transportation.
Important Notes and Warnings
- Timing: File during active voter registration periods (e.g., August 1-10, 2025, per recent announcements) for faster processing. Avoid election blackouts.
- Common Issues: Denials often due to weak documents; PSA birth certificate resolves most cases. If the birthdate error stems from your civil registry, correct it there first.
- Legal Risks: Intentional falsification is an election offense (1-6 years imprisonment, disqualification from voting).
- Tracking: Use the reference number to follow up via SMS or COMELEC's online portal (if available in your area). Keep copies of everything.
- For Specific Queries: Email EBAD@comelec.gov.ph or call your local OEO.
- No Online Process: Corrections require in-person filing; no full online option as of 2025.
- If combining with other changes (e.g., name or address transfer), use the same form by checking multiple boxes.
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