I. Overview

In the Philippines, borrowers who obtain a housing loan from the Home Development Mutual Fund, commonly known as the Pag-IBIG Fund, are generally covered by Mortgage Redemption Insurance or MRI. MRI is designed to protect both the borrower’s family and Pag-IBIG Fund in the event of the borrower’s death during the term of the housing loan.

When a covered borrower dies, the MRI may pay all or part of the outstanding housing loan obligation, depending on the policy coverage, exclusions, and the borrower’s account status. In some cases, after the insurance proceeds are applied to the loan, there may be an excess amount payable to the borrower’s heirs. This excess is commonly referred to by claimants as an MRI refund, MRI proceeds, MRI check, or MRI refund check.

For heirs, claiming this amount is not merely an administrative matter. It involves succession, proof of relationship, proof of death, settlement of obligations, insurance processing, and compliance with Pag-IBIG Fund documentation requirements.

II. What Is Pag-IBIG MRI?

Mortgage Redemption Insurance is a form of insurance tied to a housing loan. Its usual purpose is to extinguish or reduce the outstanding balance of a housing loan if the borrower dies while the loan is still active and covered.

In a Pag-IBIG housing loan, MRI generally serves three practical functions:

It protects Pag-IBIG Fund by ensuring that the outstanding loan may be paid from insurance proceeds.
It protects the borrower’s heirs from being burdened with the unpaid housing loan, subject to coverage terms.
It may generate excess proceeds if the insurance benefit exceeds the outstanding loan balance and other allowable deductions.

The term “refund” can be misleading. The amount claimed by heirs is usually not a refund in the ordinary sense of returning premiums. It is more accurately the excess insurance proceeds or remaining balance of the MRI benefit after payment of the housing loan and related obligations.

III. Who May Claim the Pag-IBIG MRI Refund Check?

The proper claimants are generally the legal heirs or duly authorized representatives of the deceased borrower.

Under Philippine succession law, heirs may include:

A. Compulsory heirs

Depending on the circumstances, these may include:

The surviving spouse;
Legitimate children and descendants;
Illegitimate children;
Legitimate parents or ascendants, when applicable.

B. Other heirs

If there are no compulsory heirs, succession may pass to other relatives under the Civil Code, such as siblings, nephews, nieces, or other collateral relatives, depending on the family situation.

C. Estate representative

If the estate is under judicial or extrajudicial settlement, a duly authorized administrator, executor, or representative may act on behalf of the heirs.

D. Authorized claimant

An heir may authorize another person to process or receive documents, but Pag-IBIG may require a notarized Special Power of Attorney or similar authorization.

IV. When Does an MRI Refund Become Claimable?

A Pag-IBIG MRI refund or excess proceeds may become claimable when all of the following are present:

The Pag-IBIG housing loan borrower has died;
The borrower was covered by MRI at the time of death;
The insurance claim was approved;
The MRI proceeds were applied to the outstanding Pag-IBIG housing loan;
The proceeds exceeded the outstanding balance and allowable charges; and
Pag-IBIG has determined that there is a remaining amount payable to the heirs.

No refund arises if the insurance proceeds are equal to or less than the outstanding loan balance, or if the claim is denied because of policy exclusions, non-coverage, misrepresentation, lapsed coverage, or other valid grounds.

V. Legal Nature of the MRI Refund

The MRI excess proceeds, once payable, generally form part of the rights flowing from the deceased borrower’s loan and insurance arrangement. The heirs’ entitlement is not based merely on possession of the property or residence in the mortgaged home, but on lawful succession, designation of beneficiaries if applicable, and compliance with Pag-IBIG and insurance claim requirements.

Where no specific beneficiary designation controls the proceeds, the amount is commonly processed in favor of the legal heirs or the estate of the deceased borrower.

The claim may therefore require documents proving:

Death of the borrower;
Relationship of claimants to the deceased;
Authority to claim;
Settlement or waiver among heirs, where applicable;
Identity of the claimant;
Loan and insurance account details.

VI. Common Requirements for Heirs Claiming a Pag-IBIG MRI Refund Check

Requirements may vary depending on the branch, the insurance provider, the amount involved, the borrower’s status, the existence of multiple heirs, and whether the deceased left a spouse, children, or other relatives. However, the following are commonly required.

A. Death Certificate of the Borrower

The heirs will usually need to submit a death certificate issued by the Philippine Statistics Authority or the local civil registrar.

Pag-IBIG or the insurer may require:

PSA-certified death certificate;
Local civil registry copy, if PSA copy is not yet available;
Certified true copy;
Clear photocopies for file records.

The death certificate establishes the fact, date, and cause of death. The cause of death may matter because MRI policies may contain exclusions or contestability rules.

B. Proof of Relationship to the Deceased

Heirs must prove their legal relationship to the deceased borrower.

Common documents include:

For surviving spouse

PSA marriage certificate;
Valid government-issued ID of the spouse;
Death certificate of the borrower.

For children

PSA birth certificate of each child;
If illegitimate, birth certificate showing filiation or other proof recognized by law;
Valid IDs of adult children;
For minors, documents of the legal guardian or surviving parent.

For parents

PSA birth certificate of the deceased borrower showing parentage;
Valid IDs of surviving parents;
Death certificates of other closer heirs, if relevant.

For siblings or collateral relatives

Birth certificates proving common parentage;
Death certificates proving absence of closer heirs, when required;
Documents establishing the chain of relationship.

C. Valid Government-Issued IDs

Pag-IBIG typically requires valid identification documents from claimants and representatives.

Commonly accepted IDs may include:

Philippine passport;
Driver’s license;
UMID;
SSS ID;
GSIS ID;
PRC ID;
Voter’s ID or voter certification;
PhilSys ID;
Postal ID;
Senior Citizen ID;
OFW ID;
Other government-issued IDs accepted by Pag-IBIG.

The ID must usually be readable, unexpired where applicable, and consistent with the claimant’s name in civil registry documents.

D. Pag-IBIG Housing Loan Details

The heirs may be asked to provide details or documents relating to the housing loan, such as:

Housing loan account number;
Pag-IBIG Membership ID number of the deceased borrower;
Loan documents;
Statement of account;
Notice of approval;
Collection servicing documents;
Official receipts or payment records;
Property details.

Even if the heirs do not have all loan documents, Pag-IBIG can usually trace the account through the borrower’s name, birthdate, Pag-IBIG MID number, property details, or loan account number.

E. Claim Application or Request Form

Pag-IBIG or the insurer may require a claim form, request form, or sworn statement. The claimant must ensure that the information is complete and consistent with the death certificate, civil registry records, and loan account records.

The form may ask for:

Name of deceased borrower;
Date of death;
Loan account number;
Names of heirs;
Contact details;
Bank or check release details;
Declaration of relationship;
Signature of claimant or representative.

F. Affidavit of Heirship or Affidavit of Self-Adjudication

Where the claim involves legal heirs, Pag-IBIG may require proof that the claimant is entitled to receive the proceeds.

Possible documents include:

1. Affidavit of Heirship

This is commonly used when there are several heirs. It identifies the deceased, lists the surviving heirs, states their relationships, and may authorize one person to claim on behalf of all.

2. Deed of Extrajudicial Settlement of Estate

If several heirs are settling the estate, they may execute a Deed of Extrajudicial Settlement, especially when estate matters include property, money claims, or other assets.

3. Affidavit of Self-Adjudication

If there is only one heir, that heir may execute an Affidavit of Self-Adjudication.

4. Waiver or Quitclaim by Other Heirs

If one heir will receive the check or proceeds, Pag-IBIG may require written waivers, quitclaims, or consent from the other heirs.

These documents are usually notarized. In some cases, publication, tax clearance, or registration requirements may apply, especially when the document is used for estate settlement involving real or personal property.

G. Special Power of Attorney

If the claimant cannot personally process or receive the check, a representative may be appointed through a Special Power of Attorney.

The SPA should clearly authorize the representative to:

File the MRI claim or refund claim;
Submit and receive documents;
Sign forms;
Receive the check or proceeds, if allowed;
Transact with Pag-IBIG Fund and the insurer.

For heirs abroad, the SPA may need to be consularized or apostilled, depending on where it was executed and the requirements of the receiving office.

H. Tax Identification and Estate Documents

Depending on the amount and nature of the claim, Pag-IBIG may require tax-related documents, such as:

TIN of the deceased or heirs;
BIR estate-related documents;
Proof of estate settlement;
Certificate Authorizing Registration in property-related transactions;
Estate tax return or proof of settlement, where applicable.

Not every MRI refund check claim will require full estate tax documentation, but heirs should be prepared for the possibility if the proceeds are treated as part of the estate or if the claim is connected with the transfer, release, or cancellation of property documents.

I. Bank or Check Release Requirements

If Pag-IBIG releases the amount by check, heirs may need to comply with check release procedures. These may include:

Personal appearance;
Valid IDs;
Authorization documents;
Signing of acknowledgment receipt;
Submission of photocopies;
Presentation of original documents for verification.

If release is by bank credit or electronic payment, bank account details and proof of account ownership may be required.

VII. Additional Requirements Depending on the Situation

A. If the Deceased Borrower Was Married

The surviving spouse is usually a primary claimant, together with the children, if any. Required documents may include:

PSA marriage certificate;
PSA birth certificates of children;
Valid IDs;
Affidavit identifying all heirs;
Consent or waiver of heirs if one person will receive the proceeds.

If the deceased was legally separated, annulled, or had a pending marital case, additional legal documents may be required.

B. If the Deceased Had Minor Children

Minor heirs cannot generally sign waivers, receipts, or settlement documents on their own. A parent or legal guardian may need to act for them.

Depending on the amount and legal implications, guardianship proceedings or court authority may be required, especially if substantial proceeds are involved or if the release affects the minor’s property rights.

C. If the Deceased Was Single With Children

The children are generally heirs. If there are illegitimate children, they may need to prove filiation through birth certificates or legally acceptable evidence.

If one child claims on behalf of all, Pag-IBIG may require authorizations or waivers from the others.

D. If the Deceased Was Single With No Children

The heirs may be the parents. If the parents are deceased, succession may move to siblings or other relatives according to law.

Documents may become more extensive because claimants must prove the absence or death of nearer heirs.

E. If There Are Disputes Among Heirs

Pag-IBIG may withhold release until the dispute is resolved. The Fund is unlikely to decide complex inheritance disputes among competing claimants. If there are conflicting claims, heirs may need to settle the matter through:

Notarized agreement;
Extrajudicial settlement;
Court proceedings;
Appointment of estate administrator;
Judicial determination of heirs.

F. If the Borrower Had a Co-Borrower

Pag-IBIG housing loans may involve co-borrowers. The death of one borrower does not always mean the entire loan is extinguished, depending on MRI coverage and loan structure.

Issues to check include:

Whether each borrower was covered by MRI;
The amount of coverage for each borrower;
Whether the co-borrower remains liable;
Whether insurance proceeds fully paid the loan;
Whether any excess is payable and to whom.

G. If the Borrower Died Abroad

If the death occurred abroad, Pag-IBIG or the insurer may require:

Foreign death certificate;
Philippine embassy or consular report of death;
Apostilled or consularized documents;
Certified English translation, if the document is in a foreign language;
Valid IDs and authority documents of heirs.

H. If the Heir Is Abroad

An heir abroad may execute an SPA, waiver, or settlement document overseas. Depending on the country, the document may need:

Apostille;
Consular acknowledgment;
Notarization by a foreign notary followed by authentication;
Valid identification;
Compliance with Philippine document formalities.

I. If the Deceased Had Name Discrepancies

Name inconsistencies are common in Philippine civil registry and loan records. Pag-IBIG may require correction or explanation if there are differences in:

Spelling of names;
Middle names;
Married names;
Suffixes;
Dates of birth;
Civil status;
Parent names.

Possible supporting documents include:

Affidavit of One and the Same Person;
Corrected PSA record;
Certificate of no record;
Marriage certificate;
Baptismal certificate;
School records;
Government ID records.

VIII. Procedure for Claiming Pag-IBIG MRI Refund Check

Step 1: Report the Death to Pag-IBIG

The heirs should notify Pag-IBIG of the borrower’s death and request guidance on the MRI claim or refund process. They should provide the borrower’s full name, Pag-IBIG MID number if available, housing loan account number, date of death, and property location.

Step 2: Verify Loan and MRI Coverage

Pag-IBIG will determine whether the deceased borrower had an active housing loan and whether the loan was covered by MRI at the time of death. This step may involve coordination with the insurance provider.

Step 3: Submit Death and Claim Documents

The heirs submit the death certificate, claim forms, IDs, proof of relationship, and other supporting documents. If the borrower died within a period subject to contestability or under circumstances covered by exclusions, additional medical or investigative documents may be requested.

Step 4: Insurance Evaluation

The insurer evaluates whether the death is covered. The insurer may examine:

Date of loan approval;
Date of death;
Cause of death;
Premium status;
Age and eligibility of borrower;
Medical disclosures;
Policy exclusions;
Completeness of documents.

Step 5: Application of Proceeds to the Loan

If approved, insurance proceeds are applied to the outstanding housing loan balance, including principal, interest, penalties, insurance charges, or other amounts recognized by Pag-IBIG.

Step 6: Determination of Excess

If the insurance proceeds exceed the outstanding obligation, Pag-IBIG determines the remaining amount. This excess may be processed for release to the heirs or authorized claimant.

Step 7: Submission of Heirship and Release Documents

Before releasing the check, Pag-IBIG may require additional documents proving who is legally entitled to receive the excess. This is where affidavits of heirship, extrajudicial settlement documents, waivers, SPAs, and IDs become critical.

Step 8: Check Preparation and Release

Once all requirements are complete, Pag-IBIG prepares the check or payment. The authorized claimant may be required to appear personally, present original documents, sign acknowledgments, and receive the check.

IX. Important Legal Issues

A. The MRI Refund Is Not Automatically Released

The death of the borrower does not automatically entitle heirs to immediate payment. Coverage must be verified, the claim must be approved, and the loan obligation must first be deducted.

B. Heirs Must Prove Their Legal Entitlement

Pag-IBIG must avoid releasing funds to the wrong person. For this reason, proof of relationship, authority, and heirship is essential.

C. Possession of the House Is Not Enough

A person living in the mortgaged property is not necessarily the rightful claimant. The claimant must establish legal relationship or authority.

D. The Surviving Spouse May Not Be the Sole Heir

If the deceased left children, the surviving spouse generally shares inheritance rights with them. Pag-IBIG may therefore require the participation or consent of the children.

E. Illegitimate Children Have Successional Rights

Illegitimate children are legal heirs under Philippine law, although their shares differ from legitimate children. They should not be excluded if filiation is established.

F. Minor Heirs Require Special Handling

A parent or guardian may represent minors, but waiver or disposition of a minor’s property rights may require legal safeguards.

G. Disputed Claims May Delay Release

If heirs disagree, Pag-IBIG may suspend release until the parties submit a settlement or court order.

H. Loan Arrears and Charges May Reduce or Eliminate the Refund

Even if the MRI claim is approved, the proceeds are first applied to the loan. Penalties, unpaid amortizations, insurance charges, and other obligations may reduce the excess.

I. Policy Exclusions May Defeat the Claim

MRI coverage is subject to policy terms. Deaths falling under exclusions, misrepresentation, non-disclosure, or non-eligibility may result in denial.

X. Common Reasons for Delay or Denial

Claims may be delayed or denied because of:

Incomplete documents;
Death certificate not yet available from PSA;
Unclear cause of death;
Medical investigation;
Name discrepancies;
Missing loan account details;
Unpaid insurance coverage issues;
Borrower not covered at time of death;
Death occurring within contestability period;
Disputes among heirs;
Absence of authorization from other heirs;
Minor heirs without proper representation;
Lack of estate settlement documents;
Conflicting civil registry records;
Fraudulent or inconsistent submissions.

XI. Documentary Checklist for Heirs

A practical checklist may include:

Basic documents

Death certificate of deceased borrower;
Valid IDs of claimants;
Pag-IBIG MID number or housing loan account number;
Claim or request form;
Contact details of claimant;
Proof of address.

Proof of relationship

Marriage certificate of surviving spouse;
Birth certificates of children;
Birth certificate of deceased borrower, if parents or siblings are claiming;
Death certificates of nearer heirs, if needed.

Authority and estate documents

Affidavit of heirship;
Deed of extrajudicial settlement;
Affidavit of self-adjudication, if sole heir;
Waiver or consent of other heirs;
Special Power of Attorney;
Guardianship documents for minors, if applicable.

Additional documents, when applicable

Medical certificate;
Hospital records;
Police report or accident report;
Foreign death certificate;
Consular report of death;
Apostilled or consularized documents;
Affidavit of one and the same person;
Corrected civil registry records;
Bank account proof;
Tax documents.

XII. Claim by One Heir on Behalf of All Heirs

It is common for heirs to designate one person to process the claim. Pag-IBIG may allow this if the representative submits adequate authority.

The safest documents are:

Notarized Special Power of Attorney signed by all adult heirs;
Valid IDs of all heirs;
Affidavit of heirship listing all heirs;
Waiver or consent, if the proceeds will be received by only one heir;
Proof of authority to represent minor heirs.

The representative should not assume that verbal consent is enough. For financial claims, written and notarized authority is usually expected.

XIII. Treatment of the Housing Loan After MRI Approval

When the MRI claim is approved and sufficient to pay the loan, the borrower’s loan may be considered paid, subject to Pag-IBIG accounting and documentation. The heirs may then need to process the release of mortgage, cancellation of encumbrance, title-related documents, and transfer or settlement of the property.

However, payment of the loan through MRI does not automatically transfer title to one heir. Ownership of the property is still governed by succession law, the property regime of the spouses, and estate settlement rules.

If the property was conjugal or community property, the surviving spouse’s share must be distinguished from the deceased borrower’s estate. If the property was exclusive property, succession rules apply to the whole property interest of the deceased.

XIV. Estate Settlement Considerations

The MRI refund check may be only one part of the deceased borrower’s estate. The heirs should consider whether there are other assets and obligations, such as:

The mortgaged property;
Bank accounts;
vehicles;
personal property;
unpaid debts;
taxes;
insurance proceeds;
other Pag-IBIG benefits.

An extrajudicial settlement may be appropriate if:

The deceased left no will;
The heirs are all of legal age, or minors are properly represented;
The heirs agree on the distribution;
There are no outstanding disputes requiring court intervention.

If there is a will, disagreement, minor-related complication, or creditor issue, judicial settlement may be necessary.

XV. Tax Implications

Philippine estate tax rules may be relevant when assets pass from the deceased to the heirs. Whether the MRI excess itself is subject to estate treatment may depend on its legal characterization, beneficiary designation, and the circumstances of release.

Heirs should be mindful that:

Estate tax compliance may be required for transfer of the property;
BIR documents may be necessary for title transfer;
Estate settlement documents may need notarization and registration;
Penalties may accrue if estate tax obligations are not timely addressed;
Pag-IBIG release of mortgage documents is separate from BIR and Register of Deeds processes.

The MRI refund check claim should therefore be coordinated with estate settlement, especially where the housing loan and property title are involved.

XVI. Special Concerns for OFW Families

Many Pag-IBIG housing loan borrowers are overseas Filipino workers. In such cases, heirs may encounter added complications:

Death abroad;
Foreign-issued death documents;
Heirs located in different countries;
Need for apostille or consular acknowledgment;
Representatives in the Philippines;
Delays in obtaining PSA annotation or consular report;
Communication with Pag-IBIG through authorized representatives.

The key is to prepare authority documents properly. A Philippine-based representative should have clear written authority to transact, submit, sign, follow up, and receive the proceeds if allowed.

XVII. Practical Tips for Heirs

Heirs should observe the following:

Secure the death certificate as early as possible.
Obtain PSA copies of marriage and birth certificates.
Identify all legal heirs before submitting heirship documents.
Avoid excluding illegitimate children or estranged heirs.
Resolve family agreements in writing.
Use notarized documents for authority and settlement.
Keep photocopies of everything submitted.
Ask for acknowledgment receipts from Pag-IBIG.
Monitor the status of both the MRI claim and loan application of proceeds.
Confirm whether the check is payable to the estate, to all heirs, or to a representative.
Verify whether additional property release or title documents must be processed after loan payment.
Correct name discrepancies before they cause rejection.
Do not sign waivers without understanding the legal effect.
For minors, ensure lawful representation.
For large or disputed claims, obtain legal advice before signing settlement papers.

XVIII. Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is every deceased Pag-IBIG housing loan borrower entitled to an MRI refund?

No. The borrower must have valid MRI coverage, the claim must be approved, and the proceeds must exceed the outstanding loan balance and deductions.

2. Can the heirs claim even if the housing loan was unpaid?

Yes. The MRI is intended to address the unpaid loan, subject to coverage. The proceeds are first applied to the loan. Only the excess, if any, is released to heirs.

3. Who receives the check?

The check may be issued to the legal heirs, the estate, or an authorized representative, depending on Pag-IBIG’s requirements and the documents submitted.

4. Can one child claim the refund alone?

Usually not without proof that the child is the sole heir or has authority from the other heirs. Other heirs may need to sign an SPA, waiver, or settlement document.

5. Does the surviving spouse automatically get everything?

Not always. If the deceased left children, the surviving spouse generally shares rights with them. The property regime and succession rules must also be considered.

6. What if the heirs are fighting?

Pag-IBIG may delay release until the dispute is resolved by agreement or court order.

7. What if there is no PSA death certificate yet?

A local civil registry death certificate may sometimes be accepted initially, but Pag-IBIG or the insurer may later require the PSA-certified copy.

8. Is an extrajudicial settlement always required?

Not always, but it may be required or advisable where there are multiple heirs, estate issues, property transfer concerns, or substantial proceeds.

9. What if the borrower died abroad?

Foreign death documents may need authentication, apostille, consular reporting, or certified translation.

10. Can the MRI refund be claimed years after death?

Delay may complicate the claim. Records, coverage, insurance processing deadlines, and estate documentation may become issues. Heirs should act promptly.

XIX. Legal Effect of Receiving the MRI Refund Check

Receiving the check may have legal consequences. The recipient may be deemed to have acknowledged receipt on behalf of the estate or heirs. If the recipient signed a waiver, quitclaim, or settlement, that document may affect the rights of other heirs.

A representative who receives the proceeds for all heirs has a duty to account for the funds. Misappropriation or refusal to distribute the amount according to agreement or law may expose the representative to civil, and possibly criminal, liability depending on the facts.

XX. Difference Between MRI Refund and Other Pag-IBIG Death Benefits

The MRI refund should not be confused with other possible benefits, such as:

Provident benefit claim;
Pag-IBIG savings claim;
Death benefit under membership savings;
MP2 savings claim;
Insurance proceeds from other private policies;
Employer benefits;
SSS or GSIS death benefits.

Each benefit has separate requirements, forms, and legal bases. A family may need to file multiple claims.

XXI. Sample Affidavit Concepts Commonly Used

While actual wording should be prepared carefully, affidavits for this type of claim commonly include the following statements:

That the borrower died on a specific date;
That the borrower had a Pag-IBIG housing loan;
That the affiants are the legal heirs;
That the heirs authorize one person to process the claim;
That there are no other known heirs, or that all heirs are listed;
That the proceeds will be received for and on behalf of the heirs;
That the affiants undertake to hold Pag-IBIG free from liability after proper release;
That the affiants understand their obligations to distribute the proceeds lawfully.

Care must be taken when declaring “sole heir” or “no other heirs.” False declarations can create civil and criminal exposure.

XXII. Best Evidence to Prepare Before Going to Pag-IBIG

The most useful documents to bring are:

Original and photocopy of the death certificate;
Original and photocopy of marriage certificate;
Original and photocopy of birth certificates of heirs;
Valid IDs of all claimants;
Housing loan account number or property details;
Notarized SPA if represented;
Affidavit of heirship;
Contact details;
Any notice, statement, or letter from Pag-IBIG;
Proof of payments, if available.

Bringing originals is important because Pag-IBIG may need to compare originals against photocopies.

XXIII. Conclusion

A Pag-IBIG MRI refund check claim by heirs is a hybrid matter involving insurance, housing loan settlement, succession, documentation, and estate administration. The heirs must first establish that the deceased borrower was covered by MRI, that the insurance claim was approved, and that the proceeds exceeded the outstanding housing loan obligation. Only then does a refund or excess amount become payable.

The most important requirements are the borrower’s death certificate, proof of relationship, valid IDs, housing loan details, claim forms, and documents proving heirship or authority to claim. Where there are multiple heirs, minors, heirs abroad, name discrepancies, or family disputes, additional documents such as SPAs, waivers, affidavits, extrajudicial settlement documents, guardianship papers, or authenticated foreign records may be required.

The central legal principle is that Pag-IBIG must release the proceeds only to the proper legal claimant. Heirs should therefore treat the process not as a simple refund request, but as a formal claim involving the deceased borrower’s estate and the rights of all lawful successors.